2 Corinthians 3:6

Who also hath made us able ministers of the new testament; not of the letter, but of the spirit: for the letter killeth, but the spirit giveth life.

Cross-references

2 Corinthians 3:9 calls the old covenant the ministry of condemnation, directly paralleling the 'letter kills' as condemnation.

2 Corinthians 3:7 identifies the 'letter' as the ministry of death written on stone, showing the old covenant's glory that fades.

In 2 Corinthians 3:14, the veil over the old covenant contrasts with the life‑giving Spirit of the new covenant, directly continuing the argument from verse 6.

2 Corinthians 3:11 contrasts the temporary glory of the old covenant with the permanent glory of the new — reinforcing the superiority of the Spirit's ministry.

2 Corinthians 3:8 contrasts the 'ministry of the Spirit' with the ministry of condemnation — directly expanding on the Spirit giving life.

2 Corinthians 3:17 identifies the Lord as the Spirit and links the Spirit to freedom — building on the life-giving Spirit from verse 6.

In 2 Cor 5:18-20, Paul details the ministry of reconciliation — the same new covenant ministry God made him sufficient for in 3:6.

2 Corinthians 2:16 introduces the theme of ministry leading to death or life — here Paul clarifies that the letter kills and the Spirit gives life.

2 Corinthians 4:1 draws the conclusion from having this ministry of the Spirit — we do not lose heart, because God made us competent.

In 2 Corinthians 5:20, Paul describes his ambassadorship—the same ministry of the new covenant introduced here, urging reconciliation.

In 2 Corinthians 11:23, Paul boasts in his sufferings as Christ's servant—reinforcing the sacrificial nature of his new covenant ministry.

In 2 Corinthians 6:4, Paul details the hardships of his service—a concrete example of what it means to be a minister of the new covenant.

2 Corinthians 5:15 Related theme

In 2 Corinthians 5:15, Christ's death enables new life for others—echoing the life-giving Spirit of the new covenant here.

Galatians 3:10-12 contrasts the curse of the law with faith, echoing the same antithesis between letter that kills and Spirit that gives life.

Hebrews 13:20 mentions the blood of the eternal covenant — the new covenant Paul ministers, now described as everlasting.

Galatians 3:21 denies that the law could give life, reinforcing why the letter kills — only the Spirit gives life.

In Eph 3:7, Paul became a minister by God's grace and power — identical to being made sufficient for ministry in 3:6.

In Colossians 1:25-29, Paul calls himself a minister (same Greek root) of the church, laboring to present everyone mature in Christ—directly mirroring the new covenant ministry.

In 1 Timothy 1:12, Paul thanks Christ for appointing him to service—echoing the divine commission to be a minister of the new covenant.

In 2 Timothy 1:11, Paul identifies as a herald, apostle, and teacher of the gospel—a specific outworking of the new covenant ministry role.

Hebrews 7:22 Related theme

Hebrews 7:22 calls Jesus the guarantor of a better covenant — the same new covenant Paul ministers, emphasizing its superiority.

Hebrews 8:6-10 describes Jesus as mediator of a better covenant, quoting Jeremiah's new covenant — the very covenant Paul contrasts with the letter.

Hebrews 9:15-20 explains that Christ's death inaugurates the new covenant with blood — the same covenant Paul serves as minister.

Hebrews 12:24 Related theme

Hebrews 12:24 refers to Jesus as mediator of the new covenant and his blood — the core of Paul's ministry of the Spirit.

Deuteronomy 27:26 Historical context

Deuteronomy 27:26 pronounces a curse on those who fail to keep the law, illustrating how the letter brings death through condemnation.

Romans 3:20 Parallel

Romans 3:20 explains that the law brings knowledge of sin, not justification, which is why the letter kills — it exposes guilt.

In Jeremiah 31:31, God promises a new covenant—the very covenant Paul ministers, where the Spirit gives life instead of the letter that kills.

In Matthew 26:28, Jesus institutes the new covenant with his blood—the same covenant that Paul serves, empowered by the life‑giving Spirit.

Mark 14:24 Parallel

Mark 14:24 records Jesus' words instituting the new covenant with his blood — the very covenant Paul says ministers serve.

Luke 22:20 Parallel

Luke 22:20 parallels Mark's account — Jesus declares the cup as the new covenant in his blood, which Paul's ministry is based on.

John 6:63 Parallel

John 6:63 declares 'the Spirit gives life', directly matching Paul's phrase and showing the source of life is the Spirit, not the law.

Romans 2:27-29 contrasts the letter and the Spirit regarding circumcision — the same contrast Paul makes about the new covenant ministry.

In 1 Corinthians 15:45, the last Adam becomes a life-giving spirit, directly echoing the Spirit giving life here. Strong thematic and verbal parallel.

Romans 4:15 Parallel

Romans 4:15 states the law brings wrath, directly supporting Paul's claim that the letter kills by provoking divine judgment.

Romans 7:6 Parallel

Romans 7:6 explicitly uses the same letter/Spirit contrast, describing serving in newness of Spirit — exactly parallel to Paul's argument here.

Romans 7:9-11 describes Paul's personal experience of the commandment bringing death, vividly confirming that the letter kills.

Romans 8:2 Parallel

Romans 8:2 contrasts the law of the Spirit of life with the law of sin and death, paralleling the Spirit giving life versus the letter killing.

In 1 Cor 3:5, Paul calls himself a minister through whom people believed — the same dependent role as being made sufficient by God here.

In 1 Cor 3:10, Paul builds by God's grace — the same grace that made him a minister of the new covenant in 3:6.

1 Corinthians 11:25 is Paul's own record of Jesus' words instituting the new covenant — the same covenant he contrasts with the letter here.

Romans 6:14 Parallel

Romans 6:14 echoes the contrast between law and grace — 'not under law but under grace' parallels the letter/Spirit dichotomy here.

In Galatians 5:25, believers are called to live by the Spirit—a practical outworking of the life-giving Spirit promised in the new covenant.

Romans 7:5 Parallel

Romans 7:5 explains how the law (letter) aroused sinful passions leading to death — reinforcing Paul's statement that 'the letter kills'.

Romans 2:29 Parallel

Romans 2:29 uses the same 'letter vs. Spirit' contrast regarding circumcision of the heart — reinforcing Paul's new covenant theology.

In Colossians 2:13, God makes the dead alive with Christ—directly illustrating the life-giving work of the Spirit introduced here.

In 1 Thessalonians 1:5, the gospel comes with Holy Spirit power, not mere words—paralleling the Spirit-versus-letter contrast here.

Hebrews 8:8 Citation

Hebrews 8:8 quotes Jeremiah's promise of a new covenant—the same OT prophecy behind Paul's 'new covenant' ministry here.

Romans 1:5 Related theme

In Rom 1:5, Paul received grace and apostleship — the same grace that made him a minister of the new covenant in 3:6.