Exodus 4:21

And the Lord said unto Moses, When thou goest to return into Egypt, see that thou do all those wonders before Pharaoh, which I have put in thine hand: but I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go.

Cross-reference

Exodus 7:3 Prophetic fulfillment

Exodus 7:3 repeats both the hardening of Pharaoh's heart and the multiplication of signs, fulfilling the plan declared here.

Exodus 7:13 Prophetic fulfillment

Exodus 7:13 records Pharaoh's heart hardening, directly fulfilling the prediction made in this verse.

Exodus 14:8 Parallel

Exodus 14:8 describes God hardening Pharaoh's heart again, even after Israel left, to pursue them.

Exodus 3:20 Parallel

Exodus 3:20 earlier promised wonders in Egypt, which this verse expands by adding the hardening of Pharaoh's heart.

Exodus 9:12 Prophetic fulfillment

Exodus 9:12 directly fulfills God's promise to harden Pharaoh's heart — the predicted divine action takes place.

Exodus 9:35 Prophetic fulfillment

Exodus 9:35 repeats the hardening outcome, confirming God's sovereign work through the plagues.

Exodus 10:1 Parallel

Exodus 10:1 shows God reaffirming His hardening of Pharaoh's heart to display His signs.

Exodus 10:20 continues the pattern: the Lord hardens Pharaoh's heart, preventing release.

Exodus 14:4 Parallel

In Exodus 14:4, God reiterates His plan to harden Pharaoh's heart, directly echoing 4:21 and extending the narrative.

Exodus 11:10 Prophetic fulfillment

In Exodus 11:10, the Lord hardens Pharaoh's heart, fulfilling the prophecy from 4:21.

Exodus 10:27 Prophetic fulfillment

In Exodus 10:27, the Lord directly hardens Pharaoh's heart, as God said He would in 4:21.

Exodus 9:34 Prophetic fulfillment

In Exodus 9:34, Pharaoh hardens his heart after the plague of hail, fulfilling God's prediction in 4:21 of hardening.

Exodus 8:32 Parallel

In Exodus 8:32, Pharaoh again hardens his heart, continuing the pattern God announced in 4:21 of hardening Pharaoh's heart.

Exodus 8:15 Parallel

In Exodus 8:15, Pharaoh hardens his own heart, fulfilling God's declaration in 4:21 that He would harden it—divine sovereignty and human responsibility.

Deuteronomy 2:30-33 parallels God hardening Sihon's heart to deliver him to Israel — same sovereign hardening.

Joshua 11:20 explicitly says God hardened the hearts of Canaanite kings to destroy them — direct parallel to Pharaoh.

In Psalm 105:25, God turns the Egyptians' hearts to hate His people — a direct parallel to the hardening of Pharaoh's heart.

John 12:40 Citation

In John 12:40, the hardening theme from Isaiah is applied to those who reject Jesus — a NT reflection of the OT pattern.

Romans 9:18 Citation

In Romans 9:18, Paul explicitly references God's hardening of Pharaoh — a direct NT citation of the Exodus event.

Isaiah 6:10 Parallel

In Isaiah 6:10, God hardens Israel's hearts to prevent repentance — a similar divine hardening as with Pharaoh.

In Isaiah 63:17, the prophet laments God hardening Israel's hearts — echoing the same divine action toward Pharaoh.

In Romans 11:8-10, Paul describes God giving Israel a spirit of stupor — a hardening parallel to Pharaoh's heart.

Romans 1:28 Parallel

In Romans 1:28, God gives people over to a depraved mind — a parallel to the hardening of Pharaoh's heart as divine judgment.

In 2 Thessalonians 2:10-12, God sends strong delusion — a parallel to God hardening Pharaoh's heart as judicial judgment.