Deuteronomy 32:21

They have moved me to jealousy with that which is not God; they have provoked me to anger with their vanities: and I will move them to jealousy with those which are not a people; I will provoke them to anger with a foolish nation.

Cross-reference

Deuteronomy 32:16 already describes how Israel made God jealous with foreign gods — the same provocation repeated in verse 21.

Deuteronomy 32:17 describes the idolatry (sacrificing to demons) that directly provokes the jealousy in v.21.

Deuteronomy 4:24 calls God a jealous God, providing the same attribute referenced in Deut 32:21.

Deuteronomy 31:17 describes God's anger and hiding his face, as the covenantal response to the idolatry that provokes jealousy.

1 Peter 2:10 echoes the 'no people' phrase, showing Gentile inclusion as fulfillment of God making Israel jealous through a non-nation.

Psalm 78:58 Allusion

Psalm 78:58 recounts Israel angering God and arousing His jealousy with idols — identical theme to Deuteronomy 32:21.

Psalm 31:6 Parallel

Psalm 31:6 expresses hatred for those clinging to worthless idols, matching the term 'worthless idols' from Deuteronomy 32:21.

Romans 10:19 directly quotes Deuteronomy 32:21 — Paul cites Moses to explain that Israel was warned about being made jealous by a 'foolish nation' (Gentiles).

1 Kings 16:26 repeats the same charge — provoking the Lord with worthless idols — directly echoing Deuteronomy 32:21.

1 Kings 16:13 says Israel provoked the Lord with worthless idols — the exact phrase used in Deuteronomy 32:21 for what is 'no god'.

Romans 11:11-14 applies Deuteronomy's jealousy theme to Paul's Gentile mission — he aims to make Israel jealous to save some, as Moses foretold.

Acts 13:46 Prophetic fulfillment

Acts 13:46 shows Paul turning to the Gentiles, fulfilling the Deuteronomy 32:21 prophecy that God would provoke Israel with a 'foolish nation'.

In 1 Corinthians 10:22, Paul directly quotes this verse's language about provoking God to jealousy, applying the warning to the church.

Jeremiah 5:7 mentions swearing by 'no gods' — identical to provoking God with that which is not God.

Zephaniah 1:18 speaks of 'the fire of his jealousy' consuming the earth, directly evoking God's jealous wrath from Deuteronomy 32:21.

Ezekiel 23:25 declares God's jealousy set against Israel, mirroring the jealous response in Deuteronomy 32:21.

Jeremiah 25:7 says they provoked God to anger with works of their hands — a direct reiteration of the provocation.

Jeremiah 10:15 calls idols 'vanity' — the same word for the vanities that provoked God in Deuteronomy.

Jeremiah 7:19 asks 'Do they provoke me to anger?' — a direct verbal echo of the provocation theme.

Exodus 20:5 Historical context

Exodus 20:5 declares God as jealous, establishing the attribute that Deut 32:21 then applies to Israel's idolatry.

Jeremiah 2:5 says Israel walked after vanity and became vain — the same 'vanities' that provoked God's jealousy.

Isaiah 65:3 Parallel

Isaiah 65:3 describes a people provoking God to anger continually with idolatry — directly echoing the same provocation.

2 Kings 17:18 records God removing Israel in anger, fulfilling the judgment prophesied in Deut 32:21's jealousy context.

2 Kings 17:15 details Israel’s pursuit of false idols, provoking God, mirroring the provocation in Deut 32:21.

1 Kings 14:9 shows Jeroboam provoking God to anger with idols, a historical example of the pattern in Deut 32:21.

Exodus 34:14 Historical context

Exodus 34:14 states God's name is Jealous, directly reinforcing the jealousy theme in Deut 32:21.

Jeremiah 10:8 mocks idols as 'stupid and foolish,' aligning with Deuteronomy's 'no god' — both emphasize the emptiness of idols.

Jeremiah 14:22 contrasts false gods' inability with the LORD's power, reinforcing Deuteronomy's point that idols are 'no god.'

Lamentations 4:11 depicts God's wrath poured out on Zion, echoing the divine anger provoked by Israel's idolatry in Deuteronomy 32:21.

Ezekiel 16:43 describes Israel enraging God by forgetting His grace, paralleling the provocation to anger in Deuteronomy 32:21.

Acts 14:15 Allusion

Acts 14:15 urges turning from vain idols to the living God, contrasting with the worthless idols that provoked God in Deuteronomy 32:21.

1 Samuel 12:21 warns against useless idols that cannot rescue — reinforcing the 'no god' folly that provoked God in Deuteronomy 32:21.