Romans 2:5

But after thy hardness and impenitent heart treasurest up unto thyself wrath against the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God;

Cross-references

Romans 2:3 Parallel

Romans 2:3 asks if the judge will escape — verse 5 answers that the impenitent are storing up wrath for themselves.

Romans 2:2 Parallel

Romans 2:2 establishes that God's judgment rightly falls — verse 5 expands on how the hard-hearted store up that wrath.

Romans 2:16 Parallel

Romans 2:16 specifies that on that day God judges secrets through Christ — directly developing the same day of judgment from Romans 2:5.

Romans 9:22 Parallel

Romans 9:22 expands on vessels of wrath prepared for destruction, directly related to the wrath stored up in Romans 2:5.

Romans 1:18 Parallel

Romans 1:18 introduces the wrath of God revealed against unrighteousness — verse 5 speaks of its future day of manifestation.

Romans 3:5 Related theme

Romans 3:5 questions whether God is unjust to inflict wrath — directly engaging the righteousness of the wrath stored up in Romans 2:5.

Romans 4:15 Parallel

Romans 4:15 states that the law brings wrath — explaining the mechanism behind the stored-up wrath of Romans 2:5.

Romans 11:22 contrasts severity and kindness — the severity toward the fallen parallels the wrath stored up for the impenitent in Romans 2:5.

Psalm 95:8 Allusion

Psalm 95:8 warns 'do not harden your hearts' as Israel did — directly addressing the condition that brings wrath in Romans.

Exodus 8:15 Parallel

Exodus 8:15 shows Pharaoh hardening his heart after relief — a paradigmatic example of impenitence storing wrath.

Proverbs 11:4 explicitly mentions the 'day of wrath' and contrasts it with righteousness — reinforcing that wrath awaits the unrighteous.

Proverbs 29:1 says one who stiffens his neck after reproof will be broken — matching the hard heart that stores up wrath.

Ecclesiastes 12:14 Related theme

Ecclesiastes 12:14 affirms God's judgment of every deed, reinforcing the day of wrath and righteous judgment mentioned here.

Isaiah 48:4 Parallel

Isaiah 48:4 uses the same image of an iron neck and brass forehead for obstinacy, showing Israel's hardened heart.

Ezekiel 3:7 Parallel

Ezekiel 3:7 describes Israel's hard forehead and stubborn heart, the same hardness that stores up wrath in Romans.

Daniel 5:20 Parallel

Daniel 5:20 records Nebuchadnezzar's heart being hardened in pride leading to downfall — a historical parallel to storing up wrath.

Zechariah 7:11 depicts refusing to listen with a stubborn shoulder — the same rebellion that brings God's anger.

Zechariah 7:12 directly links a diamond-hard heart to God's great anger, mirroring the wrath stored up in Romans.

Hebrews 3:15 quotes the plea not to harden hearts, emphasizing the urgency Romans 2:5 implies.

Revelation 6:17 describes the great day of their wrath — a direct parallel to the 'day of wrath' Paul mentions.

Job 21:30 Parallel

Job 21:30 says the wicked are reserved for the day of wrath — directly echoing the 'day of wrath' concept in Romans.

2 Chronicles 30:8 urges Israel not to be stiff-necked — the opposite of the hard heart that here accumulates judgment.

2 Chronicles 36:13 describes Zedekiah stiffening his neck and hardening his heart — a direct example of the impenitence that stores wrath.

Deuteronomy 32:34 speaks of wrath laid up in store with God — the same imagery of storing up wrath.

Exodus 9:34 Parallel

Exodus 9:34 describes Pharaoh hardening his heart after relief, a clear example of the impenitence that brings wrath.

Ezekiel 18:30 calls for repentance — opposite of the impenitent heart in Romans 2:5 that stores up wrath.

Ezekiel 24:14 Related theme

Ezekiel 24:14 declares God's judgment will not be revoked — underscoring the certainty of the 'day of wrath'.

2 Kings 22:19 shows Josiah's penitent heart — the opposite of the hardness that stores up wrath here.

Hosea 13:12 Parallel

In Hosea 13:12, sin is 'kept in store' — directly parallels the 'storing up wrath' for judgment.

Nahum 1:2 Parallel

In Nahum 1:2, God 'keeps wrath for his enemies' — directly parallels storing up wrath for the day of wrath.

In Zephaniah 1:15, the 'day of wrath' is described — the same phrase used for the day of God's righteous judgment.

2 Kings 17:14 describes Israel's stubborn refusal to listen — the same hardness of heart that stores up wrath here.

Luke 12:21 Contrast

In Luke 12:21, storing up earthly treasure contrasts with storing up wrath — a warning against misplaced accumulation.

Acts 17:31 Parallel

Acts 17:31 announces a fixed day of righteous judgment by the appointed Man — strongly parallel to the day of wrath and righteous judgment in Romans 2:5.

Deuteronomy 32:15 describes Israel's apostasy after prosperity — a picture of the hard, impenitent heart that stores up wrath.

Deuteronomy 32:4 Related theme

Deuteronomy 32:4 affirms God's perfect justice — the foundation for the righteous judgment that reveals wrath here.

Job 36:13 Parallel

Job 36:13 describes the godless cherishing anger and refusing to cry for help — matching the hard, impenitent heart storing up wrath in Romans 2:5.

1 Corinthians 3:13 expands on the 'day of wrath' — the Day reveals and tests each person's work by fire.

2 Corinthians 5:10 describes the same judgment — all must appear before Christ's judgment seat to receive what is due.

2 Thessalonians 1:5 uses the same phrase 'righteous judgment of God', connecting suffering to vindication at that judgment.

2 Timothy 4:8 contrasts the stored-up wrath — here a crown of righteousness is laid up for those who love Christ's appearing.

Hebrews 3:8 Allusion

Hebrews 3:8 directly echoes the warning against hardening the heart, referencing the rebellion in the wilderness.

Exodus 8:32 Parallel

Exodus 8:32 records Pharaoh hardening his heart again, directly illustrating the persistent hardness that leads to stored-up wrath.

Hebrews 9:27 affirms that judgment follows death — the same judgment day Romans warns about.

Revelation 2:23 echoes the same judgment principle—giving according to works—that Romans 2:5 introduces for the day of wrath.

Exodus 7:13 Parallel

Exodus 7:13 shows Pharaoh's hard heart, exactly the impenitence that stores up wrath in this verse.

Revelation 16:5 declares God's judgments just, reinforcing the righteous judgment awaiting the hard-hearted in Romans 2:5.

Ezekiel 11:19 promises a new heart — contrasting the hardened, impenitent heart that stores up wrath in Romans 2:5.

Isaiah 3:10 Contrast

Isaiah 3:10 promises good for the righteous, contrasting the wrath stored by the hard-hearted.

Ecclesiastes 8:11 Related theme

Ecclesiastes 8:11 explains delayed punishment emboldens evil, directly tying to the hard heart that stores up wrath.

Nehemiah 9:16 describes Israel's stiff-necked disobedience — the same stubbornness that stores up wrath here.

Psalm 110:5 Parallel

Psalm 110:5 mentions the 'day of his wrath' where the Lord shatters kings — identical phrase to 'day of wrath' in Romans 2:5, reinforcing judgment.

Isaiah 26:10 shows the wicked remain unrighteous even when favored, reflecting the hard heart that stores wrath.

Psalm 88:7 Related theme

In Psalm 88:7, the psalmist feels God's wrath heavy upon him — directly echoing the 'storing up wrath' and 'day of wrath' in Romans 2:5.

Isaiah 34:8 Parallel

Isaiah 34:8 proclaims a 'day of vengeance' — the same divine judgment Paul calls the 'day of wrath'.

Psalm 51:4 Related theme

Psalm 51:4 confesses God is justified in His judgment — the same acknowledgment of God's righteous judgment seen in Romans 2:5.

Psalm 50:21 Parallel

Psalm 50:21 highlights God's silence leading the wicked to false security — then rebuke comes, mirroring the stored-up wrath in Romans 2:5.

Psalm 50:6 Parallel

Psalm 50:6 proclaims God as judge and His righteousness declared — directly echoing the revelation of righteous judgment in Romans 2:5.

Jeremiah 5:3 describes faces harder than rock, refusing correction — directly parallels the hard, impenitent heart.

Jeremiah 7:26 says they stiffened their neck and did worse — a clear parallel to the stubbornness that stores wrath.

Psalm 9:8 Parallel

Psalm 9:8 declares God judges the world with righteousness — the same righteous judgment that is revealed in Romans 2:5.

Ezekiel 18:25 records people accusing God of injustice — the very attitude that Romans 2:5 condemns.

Ezekiel 7:27 describes the terror of the day of judgment — mirroring the 'day of wrath' and 'righteous judgment' in Romans 2:5.

2 Peter 2:9 Parallel

2 Peter 2:9 affirms God keeps the unrighteous under punishment for the day of judgment — same theme of reserved wrath.

1 Peter 3:20 recalls God's patience in Noah's day — a historical example of delayed judgment like the storing up of wrath.

2 Peter 3:7 Parallel

2 Peter 3:7 says the heavens are reserved for fire on the day of judgment — parallel to the stored-up wrath in Romans.

Revelation 2:21 shows God giving time to repent, contrasting with the hard heart that stores up wrath in Romans 2:5.

Hebrews 3:13 warns against being hardened by sin's deceit — the very process that leads to storing up wrath.

Job 24:1 Related theme

Job 24:1 questions why God's judgment is delayed — a tension Romans 2:5 answers by affirming a coming day of wrath.

Job 24:12 Related theme

Job 24:12 shows the oppressed crying out while God seems inactive — a problem resolved by the certain judgment in Romans 2:5.

In Exodus 14:17, God hardens the Egyptians' hearts to judge them — divine hardening paralleling the self-hardening that brings wrath.

Deuteronomy 2:30 says God hardened Sihon's heart to deliver him to Israel — similar divine hardening leading to judgment.

Isaiah 5:16 Parallel

Isaiah 5:16 declares God exalted in justice and holiness, revealing the righteous judgment the hardened face.

Isaiah 30:1 Parallel

In Isaiah 30:1, the rebellious 'add sin to sin' — a direct parallel to storing up wrath through persistent disobedience.

Joshua 11:20 states God hardened the Canaanite kings' hearts to destroy them — a pattern of hardness culminating in wrath.

Luke 21:22 Parallel

Luke 21:22 calls these 'days of vengeance' — a specific time of judgment parallel to the 'day of wrath' in Romans 2:5.

1 Samuel 6:6 recalls Pharaoh's hardened heart as a warning — directly relevant to the impenitence that stores up wrath.

Isaiah 65:2 Parallel

Isaiah 65:2 shows God's patient outreach to rebels — the kindness that, when rejected, leads to stored wrath.

2 Chronicles 28:13 Related theme

2 Chronicles 28:13 warns against adding guilt and provoking more wrath — similar to storing up wrath through impenitence.

Lamentations 1:18 acknowledges the LORD's righteousness in punishing rebellion — echoing the theme of just judgment for the impenitent.

Zephaniah 3:5 Related theme

In Zephaniah 3:5, God's unfailing justice highlights the certainty of judgment for the hard-hearted.

Jeremiah 2:25 records 'It is hopeless' — a refusal to repent that mirrors the impenitent heart storing wrath.

Malachi 3:18 Related theme

In Malachi 3:18, the distinction between righteous and wicked at judgment echoes the revelation of righteous judgment.

1 Peter 2:23 points to God as the one who judges justly — the same righteous judge of Romans 2:5.

James 5:3 Parallel

James 5:3 speaks of laying up treasure that corrodes — a parallel image of hoarding that leads to eschatological judgment.

Hebrews 4:7 Allusion

Hebrews 4:7 repeats the call not to harden hearts, showing the OT warning echoes in the NT.

John 5:30 Related theme

John 5:30 states Jesus' judgment is just — echoing the righteous judgment of God’s day of wrath, though focused on Christ’s role.

1 Timothy 1:16 contrasts the hard heart that stores up wrath — Paul received mercy to display Christ's patience.

Exodus 23:7 Related theme

Exodus 23:7 declares God will not acquit the wicked, aligning with the righteous judgment stored up for the impenitent.