Galatians 4:25 identifies Hagar as Mount Sinai in Arabia, making explicit the allegorical link introduced in the preceding verse.

Galatians 5:1 applies the allegory of 4:24 — believers are free, not slaves to the old covenant.

In Galatians 3:15-21, Paul argues the law doesn't annul the promise — this background underpins the allegory of two covenants in 4:24.

In Genesis 16:4, Hagar conceives Ishmael — the slave woman's son Paul uses to symbolize the fleshly covenant.

Hebrews 12:24 presents Jesus as mediator of the new covenant — the same covenant that sets free, contrasted with Hagar in 4:24.

Hebrews 10:15-18 repeats the new covenant promise of forgiveness — replacing the Sinai covenant’s bondage in 4:24.

Hebrews 9:15-24 describes Christ’s blood inaugurating the new covenant — the covenant of freedom allegorized in 4:24.

Hebrews 8:6-13 quotes Jeremiah’s new covenant prophecy — this is the covenant Paul contrasts with Sinai in 4:24.

Hebrews 7:22 calls Jesus the guarantor of a better covenant — the same new covenant Paul contrasts with the old in 4:24.

1 Corinthians 10:11 states that Old Testament events were written as examples for us — directly supporting Paul's typological allegory of Hagar and Sarah here.

In Romans 8:15, the spirit of slavery contrasts with adoption — mirroring the slavery/freedom contrast in 4:24’s two covenants.

Luke 22:20 explicitly mentions the new covenant in Christ's blood, which Paul contrasts with the old covenant represented by Hagar in this allegory.

In Genesis 21:9-13, Sarah demands Hagar cast out — Paul quotes this in Galatians 4:30 to illustrate the allegory.

In Genesis 16:15, Hagar gives birth to Ishmael — the direct event Paul allegorizes as born according to the flesh.

Genesis 16:3 recounts Hagar being given to Abraham — the historical event Paul uses allegorically in 4:24 to represent the old covenant.

In Exodus 19:2, Israel camps at Mount Sinai — the mountain Paul equates with Hagar and the law covenant.

Hebrews 8:9 describes the old covenant made at Sinai that was broken, directly relating to the covenant from Sinai allegorized here as Hagar.

Hebrews 13:20 speaks of the blood of the eternal covenant — likely the new covenant that fulfills the allegory in 4:24.