Exodus 31:18

And he gave unto Moses, when he had made an end of communing with him upon mount Sinai, two tables of testimony, tables of stone, written with the finger of God.

Cross-reference

Exodus 24:18 Historical context

Exodus 24:18 notes Moses' forty-day stay on the mountain, providing the timeframe for the giving of the tablets described here.

Exodus 32:15 Historical context

Exodus 32:15 shows Moses descending with the tablets, continuing the narrative from the giving of the testimony in this verse.

Exodus 32:16 emphasizes that the tablets were God's work and writing, reinforcing the divine origin stated here as written with God's finger.

Exodus 34:29 shows Moses descending with the tablets, directly continuing the narrative from Exodus 31:18 where he receives them.

Exodus 24:12 Historical context

Exodus 24:12 records God's promise to give the stone tablets, setting up the event fulfilled when Moses receives them here.

Exodus 25:16 Historical context

Exodus 25:16 commands placing the testimony into the ark, directly linking these tablets to their intended resting place.

Exodus 25:22 Historical context

Exodus 25:22 shows God meeting above the mercy seat over the ark containing the testimony, tying the tablets to His presence.

Exodus 40:20 Historical context

Exodus 40:20 records Moses placing the testimony into the ark, directly fulfilling the command and connecting to these tablets.

Exodus 34:1–4 Historical context

Exodus 34:1-4 describes the renewal of the tablets after they were broken, mirroring the first giving of the testimony in this verse.

Exodus 34:28 has Moses writing on the tablets, while Exodus 31:18 records God writing them—both describe the same covenant tablets.

2 Corinthians 3:8 amplifies the contrast: the ministry of the Spirit surpasses the glory of the law carved on stone.

2 Corinthians 3:7 contrasts the glory of the stone tablets written by God with the temporary, death-bringing ministry of the old covenant.

2 Corinthians 3:3 contrasts stone tablets with hearts, using the Exodus image to highlight the new covenant written by the Spirit.

Luke 11:20 Allusion

Luke 11:20 directly quotes 'finger of God' to attribute Jesus' exorcisms to divine power, echoing the same idiom from Exodus 31:18.

Jeremiah 31:33 contrasts the law written on stone with God's future law written on hearts, a new covenant fulfillment.

Deuteronomy 9:9-11 describes Moses receiving the stone tablets written by God's finger, directly parallel to Exodus 31:18.

Deuteronomy 5:22 repeats that God wrote the covenant on two stone tablets, echoing the account in Exodus 31:18.

Deuteronomy 4:13 recounts God writing the Ten Commandments on two stone tablets, a parallel telling of the same event in Exodus 31:18.

2 Chronicles 5:10 Historical context

2 Chronicles 5:10 confirms only the two tablets from Horeb were in the ark — directly referencing this event.

Deuteronomy 9:10 explicitly recounts this same event — the two tablets written by God's finger — confirming divine origin.

Numbers 1:50 Historical context

Numbers 1:50 appoints Levites over the 'tabernacle of the Testimony' — housing the tablets given here, linking covenant law to the sanctuary.

2 Kings 11:12 Historical context

2 Kings 11:12 describes Joash receiving 'the testimony' — the same covenant law given here — as part of his coronation.

2 Chronicles 23:11 Historical context

2 Chronicles 23:11 parallels 2 Kings 11:12 — Joash receives the testimony, the covenant law from Sinai.