Exodus 20:13

Thou shalt not kill.

Cross-references

Exodus 21:14 Historical context

Exodus 21:14 specifies punishment for premeditated murder, detailing the application of 'You shall not murder'.

Exodus 21:20 Historical context

Exodus 21:20 applies the murder law to striking a slave, showing the commandment covers all killing.

Exodus 21:29 Historical context

Exodus 21:29 addresses liability for a goring ox that kills, extending the murder law to negligence.

Exodus 21:12 gives the legal penalty for murder, directly applying the prohibition.

2 Kings 21:16 Related theme

2 Kings 21:16 describes Manasseh's widespread murder of innocents, a flagrant violation of the commandment.

1 John 3:12-15 uses Cain's murder as warning and equates hatred with murder, deepening the command's spiritual meaning.

James 2:11 Citation

James 2:11 cites this command to argue that breaking one part of the law makes you a transgressor of the whole.

Galatians 5:21 lists murder as a work of the flesh, warning that such actions exclude from God's kingdom.

Romans 13:9 Citation

Romans 13:9 quotes this commandment and summarizes it as love for neighbor, showing the command's foundation.

Matthew 5:22 equates anger with murder, extending the command to inner attitudes.

Matthew 5:21 directly quotes this commandment and then expands it to include anger, deepening its application.

Jeremiah 26:15 warns that killing an innocent brings guilt on the whole city, showing communal consequences.

Isaiah 26:21 declares God will uncover hidden murder and punish it, emphasizing divine justice for this command.

Proverbs 1:18 Related theme

Proverbs 1:18 warns that murderers ambush their own lives, revealing the self-destructive outcome of breaking this command.

Proverbs 1:11 Related theme

Proverbs 1:11 shows sinners enticing others to shed blood, a direct temptation to violate this prohibition.

Psalm 10:8–11 Related theme

Psalm 10:8-11 depicts the wicked lying in wait to murder, showing the heart of those who break this command.

2 Chronicles 24:22 Related theme

2 Chronicles 24:22 records Joash murdering Zechariah, a direct breach of the commandment and a cry for vengeance.

2 Samuel 12:10 Related theme

2 Samuel 12:10 pronounces judgment on David's house for his murder, showing the commandment's severe consequences.

In 2 Samuel 12:9, Nathan confronts David for murdering Uriah, a direct violation of the commandment.

Deuteronomy 19:11-13 addresses premeditated murder, requiring the murderer's execution to uphold the commandment.

Deuteronomy 5:17 repeats the same commandment, reinforcing it for the new generation.

Numbers 35:16-34 expands the commandment with laws on intentional murder vs. manslaughter and cities of refuge.

Leviticus 24:21 Historical context

Leviticus 24:21 distinguishes killing animals (restitution) from killing humans (death), applying the commandment's principle.

Genesis 9:6 Parallel

In Genesis 9:6, capital punishment for murder is grounded in humans being made in God's image, reinforcing the commandment.

Genesis 9:5 Parallel

In Genesis 9:5, God requires a reckoning for murder, establishing the sanctity of life that underlies the commandment.

Deuteronomy 27:24 curses secret murder, reinforcing the commandment with a communal curse.

Genesis 4:8–23 Historical context

Genesis 4:8-23 records the first murder (Cain and Abel), providing a narrative example of violating this command.

1 Timothy 1:9 lists murderers among those the law is for, showing the commandment targets the lawless.