Exodus 21:12

He that smiteth a man, so that he die, shall be surely put to death.

Cross-references

Exodus 20:13 is the command not to murder; this verse enforces it with the death penalty.

Genesis 9:6 Allusion

Genesis 9:6 establishes blood-for-blood for murder based on God's image; this law applies that principle.

Matthew 26:52 echoes the retributive principle here — those who use the sword die by it.

2 Samuel 12:13 shows God's merciful forgiveness for David's murder, contrasting the strict death penalty here.

Deuteronomy 19:11–13 Historical context

Deuteronomy 19:11-13 applies this law to premeditated murder, requiring elders to extradite the killer from refuge.

Numbers 35:31 forbids accepting ransom for a murderer's life, reinforcing the capital punishment principle here.

Numbers 35:30 Historical context

Numbers 35:30 adds the requirement of multiple witnesses for the death penalty, refining the murder law here.

Numbers 35:16–24 Historical context

Numbers 35:16-24 expands on murder vs. manslaughter, providing cities of refuge for the accused.

Leviticus 24:17 repeats the same capital punishment for murder as here.

2 Samuel 3:28 shows David declaring innocence of Joab's murder, reflecting the legal principle of accountability here.

In 2 Samuel 4:11, David applies this law by executing Ish-bosheth's murderers, showing the principle in action.

2 Kings 14:5 shows Amaziah executing his father's murderers, directly applying this capital punishment law.

Matthew 5:21 directly cites this law as the basis for Jesus' teaching on anger and murder.

Genesis 9:5 Allusion

Genesis 9:5 establishes the divine requirement for human lifeblood, the foundation for the capital punishment law here.

Deuteronomy 17:8 Historical context

Deuteronomy 17:8 directs complex murder cases to the central court, providing judicial context for this law.

2 Samuel 3:39 reveals David's deferred justice for Joab's murder, contrasting the immediate demand of the law here.

Ezekiel 16:38 uses this law as a metaphor for divine judgment on Jerusalem for shedding blood.

Deuteronomy 27:24 pronounces a curse on secret murderers, reinforcing the condemnation of murder here.