Amos 4:1

Hear this word, ye kine of Bashan, that are in the mountain of Samaria, which oppress the poor, which crush the needy, which say to their masters, Bring, and let us drink.

Cross-references

Amos 8:4-6 portrays merchants trampling the needy for profit, mirroring the women's greed and oppression of the poor.

Amos 6:1 Parallel

Amos 6:1 echoes the same indictment of complacent leaders in Samaria, reinforcing that luxury comes from oppressing the poor.

Amos 5:11 Parallel

Amos 5:11 directly condemns trampling the poor and exacting taxes — the very oppression these women are guilty of.

Amos 3:9 Parallel

Amos 3:9 calls witnesses to see the oppression in Samaria, confirming the same injustice the women are accused of.

Amos 2:8 Parallel

Amos 2:8 condemns drinking wine from fines and taking pledges—the same exploitation of the poor for self-indulgence, within the same book.

Amos 2:7 Parallel

Amos 2:7 adds trampling the poor into dust, intensifying the charge of oppression against the wealthy.

Amos 2:6 Parallel

Amos 2:6 indicts Israel for selling the needy — the same exploitation of the poor that these wealthy women practice.

Amos 3:10 Parallel

Amos 3:10 charges Israel with storing up violence and robbery, broadening the context of exploitation beyond the women.

Jeremiah 5:26-29 describes the rich who grow fat and fail to defend the orphan and poor—identical condemnation of oppressing the needy.

Jeremiah 7:6 warns against oppressing the sojourner, fatherless, and widow—directly matching the poor-crushing in Amos.

Exodus 22:21–25 Historical context

Exodus 22:21-25 is the law protecting the poor and sojourners that these women violate by oppressing the needy.

Jeremiah 50:11 uses the same 'fat heifer' imagery for arrogant oppressors, reinforcing the metaphor.

Ezekiel 22:7 lists wronging the fatherless and widow—parallels the exploitation of the vulnerable condemned in Amos.

Ezekiel 22:29 explicitly says the people oppress the poor and needy—identical sin to the 'cows of Bashan' in Amos.

Micah 2:1-3 denounces seizing fields and oppressing households—same covetous exploitation of the vulnerable as Amos.

Micah 3:1-3 accuses rulers of devouring the people's flesh—vividly parallels the crushing of the poor in Amos.

Malachi 3:5 Parallel

Malachi 3:5 lists oppressing the hired worker, widow, and fatherless as sins God will judge—directly echoing Amos's concern for the poor.

James 5:1-6 condemns the rich who hoard and exploit, using similar language of luxury and oppression—a NT parallel to Amos's rebuke.

Deuteronomy 15:9-11 commands generous provision for the poor, directly opposing the women's demand for drink while crushing the needy.

Proverbs 22:23 Related theme

Proverbs 22:23 warns that the Lord will plead the cause of the poor and plunder their plunderers—the same retribution implied for Amos 4:1's oppressors.

Proverbs 22:22 Related theme

Proverbs 22:22 commands not to rob or crush the needy—the exact sin that the 'cows of Bashan' commit in Amos 4:1.

Psalm 140:12 Related theme

Psalm 140:12 affirms that God maintains the cause of the afflicted and the poor—directly echoing the divine justice against the oppressors in Amos 4:1.

Proverbs 23:11 Related theme

Proverbs 23:11 declares the fatherless have a strong Redeemer who will plead their cause—echoing God's defense of the oppressed in Amos 4:1.

Psalm 12:5 Related theme

Psalm 12:5 shows God promising to arise and protect the poor and needy—the very victims of the oppression condemned in Amos 4:1.

Job 20:19 Parallel

Job 20:19 says the wicked crushes and abandons the poor—the same 'crush the needy' language, reinforcing God's judgment on oppressors.

Ecclesiastes 4:1 laments the tears of the oppressed and the power of their oppressors—the same brutal reality that Amos 4:1 denounces.

Isaiah 1:17-24 calls for defending the fatherless and rebukes rulers who oppress the weak—directly aligning with the indictment in Amos 4:1.

2 Kings 18:10 Historical context

2 Kings 18:10 records the fall of Samaria, the city whose wealthy women are denounced here — a historical judgment fulfillment.

Ezekiel 18:12 lists oppression of the poor and needy as a sin, directly mirroring Amos' condemnation.

Proverbs 30:14 pictures teeth like swords devouring the poor and needy — a vivid parallel to the women crushing the needy.

Deuteronomy 24:14 commands not to oppress the poor and needy — precisely what the women in Amos are condemned for doing.

Jeremiah 5:28 describes the same wealthy oppressors who are fat and neglect justice for the needy, echoing Amos' 'cows of Bashan'.

Ezekiel 34:16 has God judging the fat and strong while caring for the weak, a counterpart to Amos' fat cows oppressing the needy.

Isaiah 3:14 Parallel

Isaiah 3:14 accuses leaders of plundering the poor — directly echoing Amos’s charge against the women who crush the needy.

Luke 6:24 Parallel

Luke 6:24 pronounces woe on the rich who have their comfort, similar to the wealthy oppressors in Amos.

Psalm 22:12 Allusion

Psalm 22:12 uses 'bulls of Bashan' as enemies; here 'kine of Bashan' are the oppressors themselves.

Ezekiel 39:18 refers to 'fatlings of Bashan' in a sacrificial judgment scene, echoing the same animal metaphor.

Isaiah 58:6 Contrast

In Isaiah 58:6, the true fast is releasing the oppressed—contrasting the false piety of those who crush the poor, as in Amos.

Ezekiel 22:27 portrays princes as wolves tearing prey for dishonest gain—mirrors the predatory oppression of the needy.

Ezekiel 22:12 condemns extortion and unjust gain—echoes the economic oppression of the poor in Amos 4:1.

Ecclesiastes 5:8 observes the perversion of justice for the poor—a systemic issue that mirrors the deliberate crushing of the needy in Amos 4:1.

Deuteronomy 32:15 describes Israel becoming fat and forsaking God—same imagery of prosperity leading to rebellion.

Zechariah 7:10 commands not to oppress the widow, fatherless, sojourner, or poor—mirroring the same oppression condemned in Amos.

Jeremiah 50:27 calls for slaughter of bullocks in judgment—matching the cattle imagery for the condemned.

Deuteronomy 28:33 warns that enemies will oppress and crush Israel—the same verbs used for the poor in Amos, showing a reversal of roles.

Jeremiah 6:6 names oppression as the city's sin—a broader indictment that includes the same injustice as Amos's 'cows of Bashan'.

Isaiah 5:8 Parallel

Isaiah 5:8 condemns land-grabbing greed—another form of exploiting the vulnerable, thematically similar to the oppression of the poor in Amos 4:1.

Proverbs 23:10 Related theme

Proverbs 23:10 forbids moving the fatherless's boundary—a specific form of oppressing the vulnerable, paralleling the broader injustice in Amos 4:1.

Hosea 12:7 Related theme

Hosea 12:7 speaks of a merchant who loves to oppress, similar to the oppression of the poor in Amos.