Leviticus 16:5
And he shall take of the congregation of the children of Israel two kids of the goats for a sin offering, and one ram for a burnt offering.
Cross-reference
Leviticus 16:15 specifies slaughtering the goat for the Lord, directly continuing the instructions from verse 5 about the two goats.
Leviticus 16:24 describes the priest bathing and offering burnt offerings after the atonement, part of the same ritual sequence as the goats.
In Numbers 29:11, this same Day of Atonement sin offering is described—one male goat for a sin offering on that day.
Hebrews 7:27 contrasts Christ's one-time self-offering with the daily sacrifices of the law, including the goat offerings on the Day of Atonement.
Hebrews 10:5-14 argues Christ's sacrifice replaces animal sacrifices, quoting Psalm 40—the goats here are the type being superseded.
Exodus 30:10 describes the annual atonement on the altar of incense, which is part of the same Day of Atonement ritual as the goats here.
Hebrews 9:12 highlights Christ entering the holy place once with His own blood, fulfilling the typology of the goat's blood in the Day of Atonement.
In 2 Chronicles 29:21, Hezekiah brings seven male goats for a sin offering during temple cleansing—similar use of goats for atonement.