Jonah 3:7 records the king's decree that enacted the fast — the direct cause of the actions in verse 5.

Joel 2:12-17 calls for heartfelt repentance with fasting, weeping, and mourning, and God's compassion—closely parallel to Nineveh's response.

Matthew 12:41 directly cites the Ninevites' repentance as a contrast to Jesus' generation — they repented at Jonah's preaching, but this generation rejects a greater one.

Luke 11:32, like Matthew 12:41, directly references the Ninevites' repentance as a judgment against Jesus' generation.

Judges 20:26 shows Israel fasting and weeping before God after defeat, mirroring Nineveh's corporate repentance in crisis.

Nehemiah 9:1 describes Israel fasting in sackcloth with dust — an identical ritual of repentance to Nineveh's.

Isaiah 37:1 shows Hezekiah putting on sackcloth and entering the temple in response to threat — parallel act of humility.

Ezekiel 3:6 says foreign nations would listen if sent — Nineveh's response fulfills that principle.

Joel 1:13 calls priests to put on sackcloth and mourn — same outward act of lament over disaster.

Romans 10:14 describes the necessity of preaching for belief — Nineveh believed after hearing Jonah's message.

Exodus 9:18-21 recounts Egyptians who believed the Lord's warning about hail and took shelter — prefiguring the Ninevites' belief and action here.

Isaiah 58:5 critiques outward fasting and sackcloth — shares imagery with Nineveh's fast but questions its sincerity.

1 Kings 20:31 has Arameans wearing sackcloth to beg for mercy — similar outward sign, but political rather than religious repentance.