Deuteronomy 31:12 commands assembly of all people to hear the law; here Moses gathers leaders to hear the song of testimony.

In Deuteronomy 31:9, Moses gave the law to these same elders, making their witness in the later gathering more significant.

In Deuteronomy 4:26, Moses also calls heaven and earth as witnesses against Israel — the same formula used here.

In Deuteronomy 29:10, a similar assembly of elders and officers stands before the Lord — matching the gathering here for covenant witness.

In Deuteronomy 30:19, Moses again calls heaven and earth as witnesses — the very act he repeats here.

In Deuteronomy 32:1, Moses addresses heaven and earth as his audience — extending the witness motif from the gathering here.

In Numbers 11:16, God commands Moses to gather seventy elders and officers — identical language to Moses' own summons here.

In Isaiah 1:2, the prophet calls heaven and earth to hear God's complaint — echoing Moses' summoning of them as witnesses here.

In Joshua 23:2, Joshua also summons Israel's elders and officers before his death — mirroring Moses' gathering in Deuteronomy 31:28.

In 2 Kings 23:1, Josiah gathers all elders to hear the law — echoing Moses' gathering in Deuteronomy 31:28 for covenant witness.

Psalm 50:4 pictures God calling the heavens and earth to judge His people — directly paralleling Moses' call to heaven and earth as witnesses in Deuteronomy 31:28.

In Genesis 49:1, Jacob gathers his sons to prophesy their future — echoing Moses' gathering of leaders to speak final words.

In Exodus 18:25, Moses appoints the leaders he later gathers here — the same tribal elders and officers.