2 Kings 13:3

And the anger of the Lord was kindled against Israel, and he delivered them into the hand of Hazael king of Syria, and into the hand of Ben–hadad the son of Hazael, all their days.

Cross-references

2 Kings 13:22 Historical context

2 Kings 13:22 directly continues the narrative, specifying that Hazael oppressed Israel all the days of Jehoahaz, fulfilling the judgment stated here.

2 Kings 13:25 describes Jehoash recapturing cities from Ben-hadad, showing the eventual reversal of the oppression initiated in this verse.

2 Kings 8:12 Prophetic fulfillment

2 Kings 8:12 records Elisha's prophecy of the atrocities Hazael would commit against Israel, which is exactly what happens when God gives Israel into his hand.

2 Kings 8:13 Prophetic fulfillment

2 Kings 8:13 shows Hazael being told he will become king of Syria, setting the stage for his role as God's instrument against Israel.

2 Kings 12:17 reports Hazael attacking Gath and Jerusalem, demonstrating the same hostile king's actions against Judah, parallel to his oppression of Israel.

In 2 Kings 17:20, the LORD rejects Israel and gives them into plunderers' hands — the same pattern of judgment by enemy oppression.

Leviticus 26:17 Prophetic fulfillment

In Leviticus 26:17, the covenant curse promises defeat by enemies — exactly what happens as God gives Israel to Aram.

Deuteronomy 28:25 Prophetic fulfillment

In Deuteronomy 28:25, the curse of defeat before enemies is fulfilled when God hands Israel over to Aram.

Judges 2:14 Parallel

In Judges 2:14, God's anger leads to selling Israel into enemies' hands — the same cycle recurs in Kings.

Judges 3:8 Parallel

In Judges 3:8, God's anger burns and sells Israel to an Aramean king — nearly identical to the situation with Hazael.

1 Kings 19:17 Prophetic fulfillment

1 Kings 19:17 prophesies that Hazael will execute God's judgment, and this verse shows that prophecy taking effect as Israel is given over to him.

Amos 1:4 Historical context

In Amos 1:4, God sends fire on Hazael's house — the very king who oppresses Israel here is judged.

Amos 1:3 Historical context

In Amos 1:3, God judges Damascus for threshing Gilead — the same Syrian kingdom used to oppress Israel here.

In 2 Samuel 24:14, David prefers falling into God's hand rather than man's — contrasting with Israel being given into enemy hands here.

Isaiah 10:5 Parallel

In Isaiah 10:5, God uses Assyria as a rod of anger — here Aram serves as the same instrument of divine wrath.

Isaiah 10:6 Parallel

Isaiah 10:6 shows a similar pattern: God sends Assyria against a 'godless nation' as His instrument of wrath, paralleling His use of Hazael against Israel.

Hosea 7:9 Parallel

In Hosea 7:9, strangers devour Israel's strength without them knowing — similar enemy consumption, but adds unawareness.

Hosea 8:7 Parallel

In Hosea 8:7, strangers devour Israel's harvest as judgment — another image of enemy devouring due to sin.

In Judges 10:7-14, the pattern of oppression due to forsaking God is described — then God rebukes them when they cry out.

Deuteronomy 4:24–27 Prophetic fulfillment

In Deuteronomy 4:24-27, God warns of judgment for idolatry — here that judgment begins with foreign oppression.