Zephaniah 2:4

For Gaza shall be forsaken, and Ashkelon a desolation: they shall drive out Ashdod at the noon day, and Ekron shall be rooted up.

Cross-reference

Jeremiah 25:20 lists the same four Philistine cities (Gaza, Ashkelon, Ashdod, Ekron) as Zephaniah – both oracles of judgment against Philistia.

Jeremiah 47:1-7 is a prophecy against the Philistines, naming Gaza, Ashkelon, and Ashdod – matching Zephaniah's judgment on these cities.

Ezekiel 25:15-17 pronounces judgment on the Philistines, echoing the same four-city destruction oracle as here.

Amos 1:6-8 directly names Gaza, Ashdod, Ashkelon, and Ekron in judgment — the same cities listed here.

Zechariah 9:5-7 also lists Gaza, Ashkelon, Ashdod, and Ekron under judgment, with added detail about Ashdod's inhabitants.

Joshua 13:3 Historical context

Joshua 13:3 lists the five Philistine city-states, including all four named here (Gaza, Ashdod, Ashkelon, Ekron).

Isaiah 14:30 also pronounces judgment on Philistia using root imagery — 'I will kill thy root with famine'.

Jeremiah 47:5 also prophesies judgment on Gaza and Ashkelon — a parallel oracle against Philistine cities.

Amos 1:7 Parallel

Amos 1:7 also prophesies fire on Gaza — a parallel judgment against this Philistine city.

Amos 1:8 Parallel

Amos 1:8 names the same Philistine cities (Ashdod, Ashkelon, Ekron) under judgment — a near-identical list.

In 1 Kings 14:15, God threatens to 'root up' Israel from the land — the same verb used here for Ekron's destruction.

Deuteronomy 2:23 Historical context

Deuteronomy 2:23 records the Caphtorim (Philistines) displacing the Avvim near Gaza, providing historical context for Philistine presence.

Joshua 15:47 Historical context

Joshua 15:47 lists Ashdod and Gaza among Judah's territory — the same cities Zephaniah here prophesies against.

Ezekiel 25:16 also pronounces judgment on the Philistines and Cherethites — echoing the same target of destruction.