Numbers 20:8

Take the rod, and gather thou the assembly together, thou, and Aaron thy brother, and speak ye unto the rock before their eyes; and it shall give forth his water, and thou shalt bring forth to them water out of the rock: so thou shalt give the congregation and their beasts drink.

Cross-references

In Numbers 20:11, Moses strikes the rock instead of speaking — the water flows but his disobedience brings judgment.

Numbers 27:14 Historical context

Numbers 27:14 refers back to this event at Meribah as the reason Moses and Aaron were barred from the Promised Land.

Exodus 4:2 Historical context

In Exodus 4:2, the same rod is introduced that Moses later uses to strike the rock.

Exodus 4:17 Historical context

Exodus 4:17 commands Moses to take this rod for performing signs — the same rod used here.

Exodus 7:20 Historical context

In Exodus 7:20, Moses uses the same rod to turn water to blood — another sign with the rod.

Exodus 14:16 Historical context

Exodus 14:16 shows the same rod used to part the Red Sea — connecting God's power through the rod.

Exodus 17:5 Parallel

Exodus 17:5 records a similar water-from-rock miracle at Horeb using the same staff — a direct parallel.

Exodus 17:9 Historical context

In Exodus 17:9, the staff of God is used in battle — the same rod used here for the water miracle.

Nehemiah 9:15 Historical context

Nehemiah 9:15 recalls God giving water from the rock — a later reflection on this miracle as part of God's faithful provision.

Psalm 78:15 Parallel

Psalm 78:15 describes God splitting rocks in the wilderness to give water — a poetic parallel to the miracle at Meribah.

Psalm 78:16 Parallel

Psalm 78:16 elaborates on water from the rock, describing streams and rivers — echoing the abundance from the rock.

Psalm 105:41 recounts God opening the rock to give water in the desert — a direct reference to the miracle commanded in Numbers 20:8.

Psalm 114:8 Allusion

Psalm 114:8 celebrates God turning rock into water — a poetic summary of the same wilderness miracle.

Isaiah 48:21 references the same miracle: water from the rock in the desert, though possibly conflating with Exodus 17.