Luke 3:5

Every valley shall be filled, and every mountain and hill shall be brought low; and the crooked shall be made straight, and the rough ways shall be made smooth;

Cross-reference

Luke 1:51-53 describes God humbling the proud and exalting the humble, mirroring the leveling of mountains and filling valleys here.

Isaiah 2:11-17 uses similar language of bringing low the lofty, reinforcing the humbling theme in the leveling imagery.

Isaiah 40:4 Citation

Isaiah 40:4 is the original prophecy quoted here — 'every valley shall be exalted, every mountain made low.'

Isaiah 45:2 Allusion

Isaiah 45:2 also promises to 'make crooked places straight'—God goes before Cyrus to level obstacles, paralleling the way prepared for the Lord.

Ezekiel 17:24 echoes the reversal—God brings down the high and exalts the low, matching the leveling of mountains and valleys here.

Isaiah 57:14 commands to prepare the way and remove stumbling blocks—the same highway imagery for God's coming.

Zechariah 4:7 uses the same mountain-into-plain imagery for overcoming obstacles to God's work, echoing the preparation theme.