Isaiah 40:4

Every valley shall be exalted, and every mountain and hill shall be made low: and the crooked shall be made straight, and the rough places plain:

Cross-reference

Isaiah 45:2 Parallel

Isaiah 45:2 says 'I will level the mountains' for Cyrus, using the same language of making a way, but for a different historical figure.

Isaiah 11:16 describes a highway for the remnant's return — the same restoration journey prepared by the leveling in the earlier prophecy.

Isaiah 35:8 Parallel

Isaiah 35:8 calls the highway the Way of Holiness for the redeemed, directly continuing the theme of a prepared path for God's people.

Isaiah 43:19 promises a way in the wilderness — the same new thing God does in leveling a path for His people's return.

Isaiah 49:11 says God will make mountains into roads — a direct parallel to leveling hills and valleys in the wilderness highway.

Ezekiel 17:24 uses the same imagery of God bringing down the tall tree and raising the low tree, reinforcing the theme of divine reversal.

Ezekiel 21:26 explicitly declares 'the lowly will be exalted and the exalted humbled', a direct parallel to the leveling of mountains and valleys.

Luke 1:52 Parallel

Luke 1:52 echoes the same reversal: God brings down rulers and lifts up the humble, fulfilling the pattern of leveling social hierarchies.

Luke 3:5 Citation

Luke 3:5 directly quotes Isaiah 40:4 in the context of John the Baptist preparing the way for Jesus.

In Ecclesiastes 1:15, the crooked cannot be straightened — directly opposing Isaiah's promise that God will level the uneven ground.

Zechariah 4:7 declares the great mountain shall become a plain before Zerubbabel — the same leveling image applied to obstacles.

Zechariah 14:10 says the land will become a plain — fulfilling the vision of mountains brought low in the day of the Lord.

Jeremiah 31:9 promises a straight path for returning exiles, similar to the leveling of uneven ground for God's people.

Hebrews 12:13 echoes the 'make straight paths' imagery, applying the OT preparation metaphor to personal discipline.

In 1 Samuel 2:8, God raises the poor from dust—a social reversal mirroring the physical lifting of valleys in Isaiah.

Luke 18:14 Parallel

Luke 18:14 states the principle of humbling the exalted and exalting the humble, reflecting the same divine reversal as the leveling of terrain.

Luke 1:53 Parallel

Luke 1:53 continues the reversal theme in the Magnificat: filling the hungry and sending the rich away empty, mirroring the valley/mountain inversion.

Psalm 113:7 Parallel

In Psalm 113:7, God lifts the needy from the ash heap—the same theme of raising the lowly as in Isaiah 40:4.