Genesis 36:40 continues the same Edomite genealogy, listing clan chiefs descended from Esau alongside these kings.

Genesis 36:43 concludes the genealogy begun here, summarizing Edom's dukes and confirming Esau as their ancestor.

Genesis 25:23 foretells two nations from Rebekah's womb. Genesis 36:31 shows Esau's nation developing kings first, fulfilling the rivalry oracle.

Genesis 35:11 promises Jacob that kings will come from him — yet Esau's line produced kings first, as noted here.

Genesis 17:6 promises Abraham that kings will come from him. Genesis 36:31 shows Esau's line fulfilling that promise first, before Israel had kings.

Genesis 17:16 promises kings from Sarah's line. Yet Genesis 36:31 notes Edom had kings first — Esau's descendants beat Isaac's main line to monarchy.

1 Chronicles 1:43-50 directly reproduces this same Edomite king list, confirming the historical record across Scripture.

Judges 17:6 laments Israel having no king — a striking contrast to Edom's established monarchy noted here.

Deuteronomy 2:12 explains how Esau's descendants displaced the Horites in Seir — the land where these kings reigned.

1 Kings 22:47 says Edom had no king later, contrasting with the earlier Edomite kings listed here.

Numbers 20:14 shows Moses addressing the king of Edom — a concrete example of the Edomite kingship referenced in Genesis 36:31.

Numbers 24:17 prophesies a future king from Jacob. Genesis 36:31 notes Edom had kings long before Israel — making this prophecy all the more striking.

In Numbers 24:18, Balaam prophesies Edom's future subjugation — the kingdom introduced here will eventually fall before Israel.

Deuteronomy 17:14-20 gives laws for Israel's future kings — the kingship that hadn't yet begun when these Edomite kings ruled.

In Deuteronomy 33:5, God himself is declared king in Jeshurun — contrasting with Edom's succession of earthly monarchs noted here.