Genesis 10:6 lists the sons of Ham that verse 20 summarizes. The cross-reference provides the specific names that the summary concludes.

Genesis 10:5 has an identical summary for Japheth's descendants, mirroring the language used here for Ham. Both are part of the same genealogical structure.

Genesis 10:31 concludes Shem's genealogy with the same formula for clans, languages, lands, and nations, mirroring the summary of Ham's sons in 10:20.

Genesis 10:32 provides the final summary of all the sons of Noah after the individual genealogies, including Ham's line from 10:20.

Genesis 11:1-9 provides the account of Babel, explaining how the different languages and dispersion mentioned in verse 20 came about. A direct narrative link.

Genesis 11:7 recounts God confusing languages at Babel, explaining the origin of the different languages already noted for Ham's descendants in 10:20.

Genesis 11:9 names Babel as the place where languages were confused, directly connecting to the languages listed for Ham's sons in 10:20.