Galatians 4:3

Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the elements of the world:

Cross-references

In Galatians 4:9, turning back to weak and worthless elementary principles is warned against — directly referencing the same elements as the slavery.

In Galatians 4:25, Hagar represents Mount Sinai in slavery — connecting the slavery under the law/elements to the allegory of the two covenants.

In Galatians 3:19, the law was added because of transgressions until the offspring came — explaining the purpose and temporary nature of the 'elements'.

In Galatians 3:23, we were held captive under law, imprisoned until faith came — mirroring the enslavement under elementary principles.

In Galatians 3:24, the law was our guardian until Christ — exactly the same time-bound role as the 'elementary principles' under which we were enslaved.

In Galatians 3:25, faith has come so we are no longer under a guardian — showing the end of slavery to the elements.

In Galatians 5:1, Christ set us free for freedom; do not submit again to a yoke of slavery — contrasting the former enslavement with the call to stand free.

Acts 15:10 Parallel

Acts 15:10 calls the law an unbearable yoke, mirroring the bondage under elementary principles that Paul says believers were once subject to.

Romans 8:15 Parallel

Romans 8:15 contrasts the spirit of bondage with the Spirit of adoption, echoing the transition from slavery to sonship Paul develops here.

Colossians 2:8 uses the identical phrase 'rudiments of the world' to warn against enslaving human traditions, reinforcing Paul's same concern.

Colossians 2:20 continues with 'rudiments of the world,' arguing believers have died to them and should not submit to ordinances.

Hebrews 9:10 defines the elemental things as temporary external regulations, explaining why they enslave.