Galatians 3:1

O foolish Galatians, who hath bewitched you, that ye should not obey the truth, before whose eyes Jesus Christ hath been evidently set forth, crucified among you?

Cross-references

Galatians 3:3 continues the rebuke: beginning with the Spirit but turning to flesh is the foolishness Paul confronts.

In Galatians 5:8, Paul states this persuasion is not from God — identifying the source of the bewitchment.

In Galatians 5:7, Paul asks who hindered their obedience — the same bewitchment that stopped their good running.

In Galatians 4:9, Paul asks how they turn back to weak elements — echoing the bewitchment that leads them from Christ.

Galatians 2:14 shows Paul confronting Peter for not being straightforward about the gospel—the same kind of deviation from truth that Paul calls 'bewitched'.

In Galatians 1:6, Paul marvels at their quick desertion to another gospel — the same apostasy he calls bewitchment in this verse.

Galatians 4:16 expresses Paul's fear that his truth-telling makes him an enemy, directly connected to the strained relationship seen in this rebuke.

Galatians 2:5 records Paul's refusal to yield to false brothers, showing his consistent defense of gospel truth that the Galatians are now abandoning.

Galatians 5:10 reveals Paul's hopeful confidence in their restoration, a shift from the sharp rebuke here.

Luke 24:25 Allusion

In Luke 24:25, Jesus calls disciples 'foolish' for not believing — the same rebuke Paul uses here for Galatians' bewitchment.

2 Thessalonians 2:9-12 describes the lawless one using deceptive signs to delude those perishing—similar to the bewitching that turns people from the truth.

In 2 Corinthians 11:13-15, Paul warns about false apostles disguised as servants of righteousness—directly echoing the 'bewitched' deception Paul addresses here.

In 2 Corinthians 11:3, Paul fears the Corinthians being beguiled like Eve — a parallel warning against deception corrupting faith.

1 Corinthians 2:2 shows Paul's single-minded focus on preaching Christ crucified, directly echoing the crucifixion portrayal the Galatians have rejected.

In Acts 8:9-11, Simon bewitches Samaria with sorceries — Paul uses the same word to describe the Galatians' spiritual deception.

Acts 8:11 Parallel

Acts 8:13 introduces Simon the sorcerer who 'bewitched' people, directly paralleling Paul's 'who has bewitched you' question and the danger of false signs.

Acts 17:3 Parallel

Acts 17:3 shows Paul explaining Christ's necessary suffering, reinforcing the central message of the crucified Christ that the Galatians are now rejecting.

Deuteronomy 32:6 calls Israel foolish for repaying the LORD — Paul echoes this rebuke against the Galatians' return to law.

Acts 16:6 Historical context

Acts 16:6 records Paul's journey through Galatia, providing the historical context for the church he rebukes here for abandoning the gospel.

Ephesians 4:14 warns against being tossed by cunning deceit, paralleling the bewitchment that leads believers astray from the gospel.

2 Peter 2:18 speaks of false teachers enticing with lustful desires, another form of seduction away from truth like the bewitchment here.

Revelation 2:20 condemns the woman Jezebel who seduces believers into sin—a similar pattern of being led astray by false teaching.

Revelation 13:14 says the beast deceives earth dwellers by signs, a parallel to the bewitching deception that leads away from the gospel.

Romans 2:8 Parallel

Romans 2:8 warns of wrath for those who disobey the truth, revealing the serious consequence the Galatians face by being bewitched.