In Deuteronomy 31:19, the song is also commanded as a witness; both the book and the song serve as testimonies against Israel.

In 1 Kings 8:9, only the tablets are inside the ark; the book was placed beside it, clarifying their distinct roles.

In 2 Kings 22:8-11, the Book of the Law is rediscovered during Josiah's reign, showing its continued presence as a witness.

In 2 Kings 22:13-19, Josiah's horrified response to the book demonstrates its power as a witness bringing repentance.

In 2 Chronicles 34:14, Hilkiah finds the same Book of the Law in the temple, the very book placed beside the ark.

In 2 Chronicles 34:15, Hilkiah announces the discovery, affirming the book's role as a witness.

In Romans 3:19, Paul applies the law's witness function universally: it silences every mouth and holds the whole world accountable.

In Romans 3:20, the law makes us conscious of sin—the same condemning witness role as the book beside the ark.

Joshua 24:27 uses a stone as a witness against Israel — the same function as the Book of the Law here, both serving as a testimony.

2 Kings 23:2 records the rediscovery and public reading of the Book of the Covenant — the same book that was placed beside the ark as a witness.