Genesis 6:4
There were giants in the earth in those days; and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bare children to them, the same became mighty men which were of old, men of renown.
Cross-reference
In Genesis 6:3, God limits human days to 120 years — a response to the corruption caused by the divine-human unions described here.
In Genesis 6:12, God sees all flesh has corrupted — the Nephilim era's violence and boundary-crossing are part of that total corruption.
In Genesis 6:13, God announces the earth's destruction due to violence — the flood judgment that follows from the corruption described here.
In Genesis 11:4, Babel's builders seek to "make a name" — echoing the Nephilim's renown, another bid for human greatness apart from God.
In Genesis 10:9, Nimrod is called a "mighty hunter before the LORD" — echoing the Nephilim as "heroes of old, men of renown."
In Genesis 24:3, Abraham forbids marrying Canaanite women — a deliberate boundary around marriage that contrasts with the boundary-crossing unions here.
In Genesis 38:2, Judah marries a Canaanite woman — another instance of intermarriage across lines, echoing the sons of God taking human wives.
Numbers 13:33 references the Nephilim, linking back to the pre-flood giants mentioned here and suggesting their presence after the flood.
2 Samuel 21:16 mentions giants from Rapha, directly linking to the Nephilim lineage.
Numbers 16:2 describes Korah's rebels as "men of renown" — the same phrase used for the Nephilim, linking both groups as famed figures who challenge divine order.
Deuteronomy 2:20 describes the Rephaites, a giant race, which may echo the Nephilim or giants of Genesis 6:4.
Deuteronomy 2:21 mentions the Anakites, who are associated with the Nephilim, continuing the theme of giants from this verse.
Deuteronomy 3:11 describes Og as a remnant of the Rephaites, giant people reminiscent of the Nephilim here.
In 2 Samuel 21:15-22, the "descendants of Rapha" (giants) echo the Nephilim — Israelite warriors face heroic figures reminiscent of the ancient giants.
1 Samuel 17:4 introduces Goliath, a giant warrior, echoing the men of renown and giants like the Nephilim described here.