Genesis 36:12

And Timna was concubine to Eliphaz Esau’s son; and she bare to Eliphaz Amalek: these were the sons of Adah Esau’s wife.

Cross-references

Genesis 36:22 calls Timna Lotan's sister — possibly the same woman as Eliphaz's concubine, linking two Edomite clans.

In 36:16, Amalek appears among the chiefs of Eliphaz's line in Edom — confirming his status in the family whose birth is noted here.

36:15 lists the chiefs of Eliphaz's sons by his wife Adah, while 36:12 notes Amalek was from Timna the concubine — different maternal lines.

In 14:7, Amalekites already occupy land during Abraham's era — before Amalek's birth is recorded here, creating a chronological tension.

Numbers 24:18 Prophetic fulfillment

In Numbers 24:20, Balaam prophesies Amalek's destruction — addressing by name the figure whose birth is recorded here.

Deuteronomy 25:17–19 Historical context

In Deut 25:17-19, God commands blotting out Amalek's memory — the very nation whose ancestor's birth is recorded here.

1 Samuel 15:2 Historical context

In 1 Samuel 15:2, God invokes what Amalek did to Israel — connecting back to this origin of the Amalekite line.

1 Chronicles 1:36 consolidates Eliphaz's line, listing Timna and Amalek alongside his sons — drawing from this same record.

Exodus 17:8 Historical context

In Exodus 17, the nation descended from Amalek attacks Israel, triggering God's declaration of perpetual war against them.

1 Samuel 15:3 Historical context

In 1 Samuel 15, Saul wages war against the Amalekites — executing long-standing judgment against the nation born here.

Deut 23:7 calls Edom Israel's brother not to be despised — yet Amalek, Esau's grandson born here, becomes Israel's worst enemy.