Galatians 4:22 introduces the allegory of two sons — the slave woman (Hagar) and free woman (Sarah), the basis for the free Jerusalem above.

Galatians 5:1 exhorts believers to stand in freedom — the direct application of the free Jerusalem above being our mother.

Philippians 3:20 says our citizenship is in heaven — directly parallel to Paul's claim that the Jerusalem above is our mother and we belong there.

Hebrews 12:22 explicitly calls it the heavenly Jerusalem, the city of the living God — the same city Paul calls the Jerusalem above, our mother.

Revelation 21:2 sees the new Jerusalem descending as a bride — mirroring Paul's image of the free Jerusalem as our mother.

Revelation 21:10-27 details the glory of the new Jerusalem — the same heavenly city Paul calls the Jerusalem above, our mother.

In Genesis 17:16, God promises Sarah she will be mother of nations — she is the type of the free woman and the heavenly mother in Paul's allegory.

Psalm 87:6 describes God registering those born in Zion, directly paralleling the heavenly Jerusalem as mother who gives birth to her children.

In Isaiah 49:21, barren Zion marvels at her many children — directly supplying the mother-of-many image Paul uses for the Jerusalem above.

In Isaiah 66:7, Zion gives birth without labor — a direct OT parallel to the supernatural fertility of the Jerusalem above as mother.

In Ezekiel 40:2, a city on a high mountain is shown — a visionary template for the heavenly Jerusalem Paul calls 'above'.

Psalm 87:3-6 celebrates Jerusalem as the city where people are born – prefiguring the heavenly Jerusalem as our mother.

Luke 13:34 shows Jerusalem rejecting and killing her children — contrasting with the heavenly Jerusalem who freely gives birth to children.

Revelation 17:5 depicts Babylon as the mother of prostitutes, contrasting with the free mother Jerusalem above in Galatians 4:26.

Ephesians 2:19 describes believers as fellow citizens of God's household — parallel to being children of the heavenly Jerusalem.