Deuteronomy 25:2

And it shall be, if the wicked man be worthy to be beaten, that the judge shall cause him to lie down, and to be beaten before his face, according to his fault, by a certain number.

Cross-reference

Luke 12:47 uses the idea of beating 'with many stripes' for a servant who knew better — directly paralleling the proportional punishment here.

Luke 12:48 continues with 'few stripes' for ignorance, reinforcing the principle of punishment according to fault found here.

1 Peter 2:24 says Christ bore our sins in his body — a typological fulfillment of the guilty receiving stripes. The OT punishment foreshadows Christ's atoning wounds.

Acts 5:40 shows the Sanhedrin applying this very practice of beating as punishment, now against the apostles.

Acts 16:22-24 describes a Roman judicial beating of Paul and Silas — a direct historical example of this form of punishment.