Deuteronomy 18:11

Or a charmer, or a consulter with familiar spirits, or a wizard, or a necromancer.

Cross-references

1 Samuel 28:11–14 Historical context

In 1 Samuel 28:11-14, Saul consults a medium to summon Samuel, violating the prohibition against spiritists.

In Exodus 22:18, the law demands execution for sorceresses, reinforcing the seriousness of this prohibition.

In 1 Samuel 15:23, rebellion is equated with the sin of divination, linking both as equally grave.

1 Samuel 28:3 Historical context

In 1 Samuel 28:3, Saul had expelled mediums from Israel, showing obedience to the law here.

In 1 Samuel 28:7, Saul later seeks a medium despite the law, revealing his disobedience.

In 1 Samuel 28:8, Saul disguises himself to consult a medium, directly acting against the prohibition.

Isaiah 8:19 Parallel

In Isaiah 8:19, the prophet condemns consulting mediums, directly echoing this prohibition.

Psalm 58:5 Allusion

In Psalm 58:5, the metaphor of a charmer illustrates wicked stubbornness, referencing the practice condemned here.