2 Corinthians 1:22

Who hath also sealed us, and given the earnest of the Spirit in our hearts.

Cross-references

In 2 Corinthians 5:5, Paul again calls the Spirit a 'pledge' (same Greek word), reinforcing the down-payment concept for our future resurrection.

Ephesians 4:30 reinforces the sealing by the Spirit for the day of redemption, with a warning not to grieve the Spirit.

Ephesians 1:14 uses the same 'deposit' (arrabon) language for the Spirit as a guarantee of inheritance.

Romans 8:9 Parallel

Romans 8:9 identifies the Spirit's indwelling as the marker of belonging to Christ, explaining what the seal actually is.

Romans 8:14-16 adds that the Spirit testifies to our adoption, showing the seal gives assurance of sonship.

Ephesians 1:13 expands on the same sealing with the Holy Spirit upon believing the gospel.

Romans 8:23 Parallel

Romans 8:23 calls the Spirit 'first fruits' — another metaphor for a down payment, linking the present gift to future redemption.

Revelation 7:2 describes the seal of the living God — parallel to the sealing of believers by the Spirit as a mark of ownership.

Jeremiah 32:10 depicts sealing a deed as a guarantee — the same imagery of being sealed as a pledge of inheritance.

1 John 2:20 Parallel

1 John 2:20 says believers have an anointing from the Holy One — the same Spirit's sealing and anointing.

Galatians 4:6 says God sent the Spirit of His Son into our hearts — directly parallel to the Spirit as the seal in our hearts.

Romans 5:5 Parallel

In Romans 5:5, the Holy Spirit is poured into our hearts — same Spirit given as a pledge of God's love.

John 4:14 Parallel

John 4:14 describes the Spirit as a spring of living water within — the same inner gift of the Spirit as a guarantee.

Ezekiel 9:4 Typology

Ezekiel 9:4 places a mark on the faithful for protection — prefiguring the Spirit's seal that identifies God's people.

Galatians 3:14 describes receiving the promised Spirit by faith — echoing the Spirit as the seal and pledge of the covenant.

Romans 8:16 Parallel

Romans 8:16 shows the Spirit testifying to our adoption — reinforcing the Spirit's role as a guarantee of our identity.

Romans 4:11 Parallel

Romans 4:11 calls circumcision a seal of righteousness, offering an OT parallel to the New Covenant seal of the Spirit.