1 Samuel 4:1
And the word of Samuel came to all Israel. Now Israel went out against the Philistines to battle, and pitched beside Eben–ezer: and the Philistines pitched in Aphek.
Cross-references
1 Samuel 3:11
Prophetic fulfillment
1 Samuel 3:11 contains God's prophecy of a shocking event; here Samuel's word goes forth as that prophecy begins to be fulfilled.
1 Samuel 5:1
Historical context
1 Samuel 5:1 recounts the Philistines capturing the ark from Ebenezer, the very battle site mentioned here.
1 Samuel 7:12
Contrast
1 Samuel 7:12 uses the same name 'Ebenezer' for a memorial of help, contrasting with the defeat at Ebenezer here.
1 Samuel 29:1
Historical context
In 1 Samuel 29:1, the Philistines again gather at Aphek for battle—same location and enemy, continuing the narrative.
Ezekiel 25:15
Related theme
Ezekiel 25:15 condemns the Philistines' vengeful malice, explaining the hostility behind the battle in 1 Samuel 4:1.