1 Samuel 23:16

And Jonathan Saul’s son arose, and went to David into the wood, and strengthened his hand in God.

Cross-references

1 Samuel 22:8 Historical context

In 1 Samuel 22:8, Saul accuses Jonathan of conspiring with David — the very loyalty Jonathan demonstrates here by strengthening him.

Luke 22:32 Parallel

Luke 22:32 has Jesus telling Peter to 'strengthen your brothers' after his restoration — a direct parallel to Jonathan strengthening David's hand in God.

Isaiah 35:3 Allusion

Isaiah 35:3 uses the same 'strengthen weak hands' imagery, calling for encouragement of the feeble — mirroring Jonathan's action.

Ecclesiastes 4:9-12 extols mutual support — Jonathan's help exemplifies two being better than one, lifting up a fallen friend.

In 2 Samuel 1:26, David laments Jonathan's love as surpassing that of women — the same loyal friendship shown here.

Proverbs 17:17 says a friend loves at all times — Jonathan's strengthening of David in adversity perfectly exemplifies this.

2 Samuel 9:1 Historical context

In 2 Samuel 9:1, David seeks to show kindness to Jonathan's descendants — a lasting fruit of the covenant friendship seen here.

Ezekiel 13:22 condemns strengthening the wicked — the opposite of Jonathan strengthening the righteous David, highlighting the moral contrast.

Proverbs 27:9 values a friend's earnest counsel — Jonathan's strengthening is the sweetness of a true friend.

Proverbs 27:17 says iron sharpens iron — Jonathan's support sharpens David for his calling.

Ecclesiastes 4:10 speaks of one lifting up his fellow — Jonathan lifts up David by strengthening his hand in God.

Isaiah 35:4 Allusion

Isaiah 35:4 commands strengthening the anxious heart with 'Be strong, fear not' — a verbal parallel to Jonathan's strengthening of David in God.

Luke 22:43 Parallel

Luke 22:43 describes an angel strengthening Jesus in Gethsemane — divine strengthening parallels Jonathan's human strengthening of David in God.

Ephesians 6:10 Related theme

Ephesians 6:10 exhorts believers to 'be strong in the Lord' — the same source of strength Jonathan pointed David to, but now a command.

2 Timothy 2:1 Related theme

2 Timothy 2:1 urges Timothy to 'be strengthened by grace in Christ Jesus' — echoing Jonathan's strengthening of David in God, now through grace.

Job 16:5 Related theme

Job 16:5 speaks of strengthening with words — Jonathan's verbal encouragement to David is a similar act.

Job 4:4 Related theme

Job 4:4 continues the image of making firm feeble knees — Jonathan's encouragement strengthens David's resolve.

Job 4:3 Related theme

Job 4:3 recalls strengthening weak hands — Jonathan's strengthening of David's hand fits this pattern.