In 1 Corinthians 9:1, Paul establishes his apostleship and freedom — the very basis for the defense in verse 3.

Acts 22:1 records Paul's defense speech, directly paralleling the term 'defense' used here in a similar apologetic setting.

In 2 Corinthians 12:16-19, Paul again defends his conduct and motives against accusations, echoing this self-defense.

In 2 Corinthians 13:3, the same examination theme appears — Paul's critics seek proof that Christ speaks through him.

2 Timothy 4:16 refers to Paul's first defense in court, a specific instance of the kind of defense mentioned here.

In 2 Corinthians 13:5, Paul flips the direction: instead of others examining him, he calls them to examine themselves.

Philippians 1:7 uses 'defending' for the gospel, whereas here Paul defends himself—same term, different object.